Background: The optimal surgical indications for humeral shaft fractures in the working population remain uncertain. This study investigates the impact of surgical fixation on return to duty, union, and complications in workers’ Compensation patients with humeral shaft fractures. Methods: All workers’ Compensation patients with humeral shaft fractures managed at a single institution between 2007 and 2017 were identified. Manual chart and radiographic review was performed to identify etiology of injury, type of work, time until return to duty, length of physical therapy, complications, and time to fracture union. Results: There were 39 humeral shaft fractures in workers’ Compensation patients managed at our institution (25 surgical; 64. 1%). There was no difference in the return to light (106. 1 versus 60. 4 days; P=0. 20) or full (140. 1 vs. 139. 9 days; P=0. 99) duty for surgical versus nonsurgical treatment, respectively. There was no difference in the length of physical therapy (132. 6 versus 106. 3 days; P=0. 15) or time to maximum medical improvement (174. 3 vs. 198. 8 days; P=0. 25) for surgical versus nonsurgical treatment, respectively. Three patients returned to the operating room in the surgical group. Nonunion was observed in two surgical cases (8. 0%) and one case (7. 1%) of nonsurgical Management. Conclusion: This study did not identify an advantage for faster return to work after surgical Management of humeral shaft fractures in workers’ Compensation patients. Though one of the perceived advantages of surgical fixation is a quicker return to physical activity, there may be other variables in this patient population that influence the timing of return to work.

Spent Nuclear Fuel needs fundamental and scientific Management because of its high temperature and emissions. The Management would include some other phases such as storage and transportation. Some rules and regulations are legislated internationally for adjusting and creating civil and technical standards in this field. In Convention of Joint Safety Management and Radiation Wastes some regulations are emphasized for protecting individuals and the environment against the dangers and damages created by the misManagement of the used fuel. So this article by using an analytic and descriptive method is an attempt to interpret and estimate the responsibilities of the governments and the undertakers about preventing and reparation which is caused by the misManagement of the used fuels. In doing so the necessity of the environment's protection is came into account.

Purpose: The expansion and complexity of economic activities and the importance of the role of managers in leading and achieving the strategic goals of companies, has provided the necessary ground for the sensitivity of stakeholders to the Management Compensation. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between financial reporting features including the accounting comparability and the financial reporting quality with the Management Compensation. Besides, the intensity or weakness of this relationship in the context of information asymmetry has also been tested.Method: For this purpose, 104 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2015 and 2020 have been studied. Data were analyzed using regression analysis.Results: The results show that the accounting comparability and the financial reporting quality have a positive and significant relationship with the Management Compensation. However, this relationship is not affected by the information asymmetry environment.Conclusion: In short, it is concluded that increasing the quality of financial reporting will reduce the agency costs between the firm and stakeholders and its effect is reflected in increasing the Compensation paid to managers.Contribution: The managers of firm is responsible for preparing the financial statements. Financial reporting characteristics such as financial reporting quality and their comparability can indicate the fulfillment of Management tasks, which is considered by users as a positive sign, and in return, the Compensation paid to managers increases. In addition, despite explaining the effect of comparability on Management Compensation in Choi and Sah (2019) research, the innovation of this research is explaining how financial reporting quality affects the Compensation of managers.

One who undertakes is obligated to discharging his commitment and must discharge his debt with regard to obligee.We certainly can say that nowadays, Compensation is the most common reason for lack of commitment. For this reason, various religious and civil schools have studied it, besides fulfillment of one's promises, sacrifice and succession commitment.This category, furthermore, put under comparative survey sense of adjustment and various kinds of it.It intends in this way to show searching jurisprudence and whatever distinguished Imamiyyah jurists have left in their written works.

In the critical review of the book “Ethics of Management” written by Tomas Klikavar (2010), the present article has paid attention to the general approach of the author, the conceptual tools used, and the way of reasoning. According to the author, Management, especially business Management, due to the importance it attaches to the survival of the organization, has placed its fundamental principle on increasing benefit and earning profit, therefore, morality is not its fundamental issue, and it can even commit immorality in some cases, according to the necessity of tendencies and dispositions . As a theoretician of Management ethics, from a historical point of view, the author has tried to show that business Management has always been associated with unethical experiences, an experience that has continued until the present day as a kind of modern slavery. He believes that Management ethics as an inter-discipline, which is considered a branch of Management knowledge in terms of its subject, must be more intertwined with philosophy in practice. Finally, although the author has been able to show the inherent contradiction of Management, especially business Management, with ethics and provide a solution based on this, the fact that the author has succeeded in presenting a different theory in the field of “Management ethics” is a matter of doubt and reflection.

Researchers consider four foundations for employee Compensation, including job status, individual status, membership, and performance. Building upon these foundations, the present article employs the methodology of critical realism and research implications to critique a prominent book in the field of employee Compensation. The selected book for review is “Handbook of Employee Reward Management and Practice” authored by Michael Armstrong and translated into Farsi as Compensation “Management”. This book holds significant importance as a teaching resource in the realm of Management and Management policy. This article delves into the four fundamental principles of Compensation Management while critiquing the mentioned work. It also presents actuarial implications and research alternatives in this field. The findings highlight the necessity of explicitly incorporating all four fundamental elements of Compensation for the comprehensive coverage of educational research works on employee Compensation Management, avoiding any implicit treatment.